微特电机 ›› 2021, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (10): 17-21.

• 设计分析 • 上一篇    下一篇

城轨车辆永磁电机振动噪声测试及特性分析

丁杰, 尹亮   

  1. 湖南文理学院 机械工程学院,常德 415000
  • 收稿日期:2021-07-16 出版日期:2021-10-28 发布日期:2021-10-20
  • 作者简介:丁杰(1979—),男,博士,正高级工程师,研究方向为轨道交通振动噪声及电力电子器件可靠性。
  • 基金资助:
    湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2020JJ4448);湖南省教育厅一般项目(19C1271);湖南文理学院博士启动基金项目(19BSQD26);湖南文理学院科技创新团队(校办通[2020]26号);常德市2020年度指导性科技计划项目(2020ZD34)

Vibration and Noise Test and Characteristic Analysis of Permanent Magnet Motor for Urban Rail Vehicles

DING Jie, YIN Liang   

  1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Hunan University of Art and Science, Changde 415000, China
  • Received:2021-07-16 Online:2021-10-28 Published:2021-10-20

摘要: 针对某城轨车辆永磁电机噪声过大,存在明显的电磁啸叫问题,在半消室中开展了永磁电机在通电加速和断电减速工况下的振动噪声测试,分析不同测试条件和转速以及电机法兰对噪声的影响,探讨永磁电机噪声与振动的关系。研究结果表明:永磁电机通电加速过程产生电磁噪声,0~900 r/min的电磁噪声较小;900~1 200 r/min的电磁噪声急剧增大,主要噪声中心频率为4 000 Hz;1 200~3 000 r/min的电磁噪声先降低后稳定;2 000 r/min以上的电磁噪声不再突出,主要以气动噪声为主。永磁电机断电减速过程以气动噪声为主,噪声大小随转速逐渐降低,主要噪声中心频率为1 250 Hz;电机存在因装配误差产生的1阶振动。振动噪声测试及特性分析可为永磁电机的噪声水平提升提供指导。

关键词: 永磁电机, 振动, 电磁噪声, 气动噪声, 阶次

Abstract: In order to solve the problem of electromagnetic whistling caused by the excessive noise of permanent magnet motor in a urban rail vehicle, the vibration and noise tests of permanent magnet motor under the conditions of power on acceleration and power off deceleration were carried out in the semi-anechoic chamber. The influence of different test conditions, different speed and motor flange on noise was analyzed, and the relationship between noise and vibration of permanent magnet motor was discussed. The results show that the electromagnetic noise of permanent magnet motor is small in 0~900 r/min, and increases sharply in 900~1 200 r/min. The main noise center frequency is 4 000 Hz. The electromagnetic noise of 1 200~3 000 r/min first decreases and then stabilizes. The electromagnetic noise above 2000 r/min is no longer prominent, and the main noise is aerodynamic noise. Aerodynamic noise is the main noise in the process of power-off and deceleration of permanent magnet motor, and the noise decreases gradually with the speed, and the main noise center frequency is 1 250 Hz. The motor has the first order vibration due to assembly error. The vibration and noise test and characteristic analysis can provide guidance for improving the noise level of permanent magnet motor.

Key words: permanent magnet motor, vibration, electromagnetic noise, aerodynamic noise, order

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