微特电机 ›› 2026, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (9): 63-68.

• 机器人技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

人形机器人关节线性执行器永磁同步电机设计

管  敏1,吕宏展1,许德喜1,钱  儿2   

  1. 1. 东华大学 机械工程学院,上海 201620; 2. 中国电子科技集团公司第二十一研究所,上海 200233
  • 出版日期:2026-09-28 发布日期:2026-09-28

Design of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for Humanoid Robot Joint Linear Actuator

GUAN Min1,LÜ Hongzhan1,XU Dexi1,QIAN Er2
  

  1. 1. School of Mechanical Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China;2. CETC 21st Research Institute,Shanghai 200233,China
  • Online:2026-09-28 Published:2026-09-28

摘要: 针对人形机器人膝关节线性执行器的驱动需求,本文设计了一种专用永磁同步电机。根据执行器负载特性确定电机设计指标,完成定子、转子及永磁体的初步结构设计;建立二维有限元电磁仿真模型,分析气隙磁场、电磁转矩及损耗分布等关键性能;采用参数敏感性分析与响应面法,以输出转矩最大化、转矩波动最小化及效率最高为目标,对关键结构参数进行多目标优化。结果表明,优化后平均输出转矩提升5. 5%,转矩脉动降低16. 3%,验证了所提方法的有效性。

关键词: 永磁同步电机, 线性执行器, 人形机器人, 电磁设计, 多目标优化

Abstract:

For the actuation requirements of linear actuators in humanoid robot knee joints, this paper designs a dedicated permanent magnet synchronous motor. The motor design specifications were determined based on the load characteristics of the actuator, and the preliminary structural design of the stator, rotor, and permanent magnets was completed. A 2D finite element electromagnetic simulation model was established to analyze key performance parameters, including air-gap magnetic field,electromagnetic torque,and loss distribution. Using parameter sensitivity analysis and the response surface method,a multi-objective optimization of critical structural parameters was conducted with the objectives of maximizing output torque,minimizing torque ripple,and maximizing efficiency. The results show that after optimization,the average output torque is increased by 5. 5%,and the torque ripple is reduced by 16. 3%,validating the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Key words:  , permanent magnet synchronous motor, linear actuator, humanoid robot, electromagnetic design, multiobjective optimization

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