槽形对永磁无刷直流电机振动噪声影响分析

微特电机 ›› 2026, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (5): 17-23.

槽形对永磁无刷直流电机振动噪声影响分析

任彬午,秦栋泽

中北大学机电工程学院,太原 030051

出版日期:2026-05-28 发布日期:2026-05-28
作者简介:任彬午( 2002—) ,男,硕士研究生,研究方向为精密微特电机振动噪声可靠性分析与优化。秦栋泽( 1981—) ,男,副教授,研究方向为可靠性技术、弹药引信工程。

Analysis of the Impact of Slot Shape on Vibration-Induced Noise in Permanent Magnet Brushless DC Motors

REN Binwu,QIN Dongze

School of Mechanical and Eleetrical Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China

Online:2026-05-28 Published:2026-05-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 无刷直流电机广泛应用于某些特殊装备中,其振动和噪声是重要性能指标。由于定子槽形对振动噪声影响显著,为了降低振动噪声水平并提高电机运行的稳定性,针对不同定子槽形对电机振动噪声进行对比研究,基于 ANSYS 多物理场耦合仿真对 4 种槽形电机进行电磁力、结构模态、谐响应和声学分析。结果表明,相较于梯形槽,梨形槽有效降低了径向电磁力,倒角梨形槽相较于普通槽形径向电磁力幅值降低 2. 4%;引入倒角有利于降低噪声,倒角梨形槽噪声与梯形槽相比降低了 28%。通过对比发现,同等设计条件下,倒角梨形槽降低电机振动噪声效果最显著。

关键词: 无刷直流电机, 电磁力, 多物理场耦合, 振动, 噪声

Abstract: Brushless DC motors are widely used in certain special equipment. Vibration and noise are important performance indicators. To reduce vibration and noise levels and improve motor operational stability, the stator slot shape,which significantly affects vibration and noise, is investigated. A comparative study on vibration and noise is conducted for motors with different stator slot shapes. Based on ANSYS multi-physics coupling simulation, electromagnetic force, structural modes, harmonic response, and acoustic analysis are performed for four slot-shaped motors. Analysis shows that compared with the trapezoidal slot, the pear-shaped slot effectively reduces the radial electromagnetic force; the chamfered pear-shaped slot reduces the radial electromagnetic force amplitude by 2. 4 % compared with the common slot shape. The introduction of a chamfer is beneficial for noise reduction; the noise of the chamfered pear-shaped slot is reduced by 28 % compared with the trapezoidal slot. Through comparison,it is found that under the same design conditions,the chamfered pear-shaped slot is the most effective in reducing motor vibration and
noise.

Key words: brushless DC motor, electromagnetic forces, multi-physics field coupling, vibration, noise

中图分类号:

TM351

任彬午, 秦栋泽. 槽形对永磁无刷直流电机振动噪声影响分析[J]. 微特电机, 2026, 54(5): 17-23.

REN Binwu, QIN Dongze. Analysis of the Impact of Slot Shape on Vibration-Induced Noise in Permanent Magnet Brushless DC Motors[J]. Small & Special Electrical Machines, 2026, 54(5): 17-23.