微特电机 ›› 2026, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (3): 42-47.

• 设计分析 • 上一篇    下一篇

高功率密度电机损耗及温度场分布特性研究

张龙隆1,2,杨厚发1,2,李玉杰1,2   

  1.  1. 贵州航天林泉电机有限公司,贵阳 550008; 2. 国家精密微特电机工程技术研究中心,贵阳 550008
  • 出版日期:2026-03-28 发布日期:2026-03-27
  • 作者简介:张龙隆( 1996—) ,男,硕士生,助理工程师,从事永磁直流电机设计与研发。 杨厚发( 1994—) ,通信作者,男,中级工程师,从事永磁直流电机设计与研发。

Loss and Temperature Field Distribution of High Power Density Motor

ZHANG Longlong1,2,YANG Houfa1,2,LI Yujie1,2   

  1. 1. Guizhou Aerospace Linquan Motor Co. ,Ltd. ,Guiyang 550008,China; 2. National Engineering Research Centre for Precision Microtechnology,Guiyang 550008,China
  • Online:2026-03-28 Published:2026-03-27

摘要: 为探究永磁直流电机内部温度场分布规律,本文以某型号永磁直流电机为研究对象,分析电机损耗机理,再结合传热学相关理论,建立永磁直流电机的三维温度场分析模型进行温度场求解。 结果表明,绕组损耗是电机的主要热源,换向器与电刷部分由于接触面积较小,所以温升最高,其余零组件的温度以换向器和电刷为中心,做温度梯度递减。 通过实验证明,仿真温度和实验温度随时间变化的趋势一致,相对误差为 2. 9%,验证了该分析方法的可靠性。 本研究可为永磁直流电机的热管理和设计优化提供理论依据和实践参考。

关键词: 电机, 损耗, 传热, 有限元, 温度场

Abstract: To explore the distribution law of the internal temperature field of permanent magnet DC motors,this paper takes a certain type of permanent magnet DC motor as the research object, analyzes the motor loss mechanism, and then establishes a three-dimensional temperature field analysis model of the permanent magnet DC motor combined with relevant heat transfer theories to solve the temperature field. The results show that the winding loss is the main heat source of the motor. Due to the small contact area,the commutator and brush part has the highest temperature rise,and the temperature of other components decreases in a temperature gradient centered on the commutator and brush. Experiments verify that the variation trends of the simulated temperature and the experimental temperature with time are consistent,with a relative error of 2. 9%,which confirm the reliability of the proposed analysis method. This study can provide a theoretical basis and practical reference for the thermal management and design optimization of permanent magnet DC motors.

Key words: motor, power loss, heat transfer, finite element, temperature field

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